(BBC)–December 15th, 2020–The Chilean navy says it is closely monitoring 11 Chinese fishing vessels in its exclusive economic zone (EEZ).
A Chinese fishing fleet has been accused by conservation group Oceana of “pillaging” the waters off the Galapagos Islands for squid.
The fleet is made up of more than 400 fishing vessels, of which 11 are currently in Chile’s EEZ, according to the Chile’s navy.
Chile said last month it would take measures to prevent illegal fishing
The large Chinese fleet caused concern when it arrived in waters off the Galapagos Islands, a Unesco World Heritage site which forms part of Ecuador, in July.
The Chinese embassy in the Ecuadorean capital, Quito, said the government had a “zero tolerance” policy towards illegal fishing.
China also proposed a moratorium on fishing near the Galapagos between September and November.
But when the Chinese fishing vessels moved south to waters off Peru, they again sparked anger – this time among Peruvian fishermen worried that the large Chinese fleet would overfish the squid they rely on for their livelihood.
Oceana, the world’s largest ocean conservation group, alleged that it had documented instances in which some of the Chinese vessels had disabled their public tracking devices, which Oceana says could be a sign that they were conducting “illicit activities”.
Last month, four South American countries with Pacific coastlines joined forces to combat illegal fishing.
Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru issued a joint statement saying they would work together “to prevent, discourage and jointly confront” any attempts to illegally fish. They did not mention China or the Chinese fishing boats in their statement.
Chile’s navy said it was monitoring the vessels in its EEZ. Under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, coastal nations have jurisdiction over the natural resources within their EEZ, meaning that the Chinese boats are free to pass through the waters but not to fish.
An exclusive economic zone (EEZ), as prescribed by the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, is an area of the sea in which a sovereign state has special rights regarding the exploration and use of marine resources, including energy production from water and wind.
It stretches from the baseline out to 200 nautical miles from the coast of the state in question. In colloquial usage, the term may include the continental shelf. The term does not include either the territorial sea or the continental shelf beyond the 200 nmi limit.
The difference between the territorial sea and the exclusive economic zone is that the first confers full sovereignty over the waters, whereas the second is merely a “sovereign right” which refers to the coastal state’s rights below the surface of the sea.
The surface waters are international waters.
